Electoral district

Third-party and unaffiliated candidates appear in all four of Utah's congressional districts this fall, though none qualified for official debates and none poll in double digits. Figures like unaffiliated candidates Robert Moesinger and Steven Burt, Libertarian Taylor Wright, Independent American Carlton Bowen and Constitution Party nominee Cassie Easley say they aren't running to win but to challenge the two-party system, push reforms like ranked-choice voting and multi-member districts, and engage disaffected young voters.

Historically, Utah's third-party candidates have drawn minimal support, averaging roughly 2% since 1914, with Evan McMullin a notable exception. Rising unaffiliated voter registration suggests some appetite for alternatives, but it remains unclear whether that will translate into votes for non-major-party candidates this cycle.

Alaska Gov. Mike Dunleavy has directed the Department of Public Safety to investigate allegations that staff for Democratic Senate candidate Mary Peltola and the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee recruited namesake challenger Daniel J. Sullivan Jr. to siphon votes from Republican incumbent Sen. Dan Sullivan. The probe follows New York Times reporting, partly based on a since-retracted account from Peltola's fired former campaign manager, Elisa Rios, describing an internal "ballot composition" effort allegedly involving Peltola's campaign lawyers and senior DSCC aides. The Peltola campaign and DSCC deny involvement, with Peltola calling the controversy "a distraction"; the retired Petersburg teacher also denies running at Democrats' behest, though he has acknowledged a history of backing Peltola and other Democrats.

President Trump called for Peltola's prosecution and removal from the ballot, and the Justice Department has issued fresh subpoenas to Democratic officials believed to be involved in the recruitment effort, building on an existing U.S. Attorney's Office inquiry into Daniel J. Sullivan dating back to summer. The DOJ has also sued to block certification if Sullivan narrowly loses, arguing the scheme amounts to a "conspiracy to undermine the integrity of the electoral process"; Alaska moved to dismiss that suit, calling it meritless, and a federal judge set an expedited schedule with a ruling possible within days. The Alaska Supreme Court previously rejected efforts to remove the challenger Sullivan from the ballot. Sen. Lisa Murkowski joined other Republicans condemning the alleged scheme as voters rank Sen. Sullivan, Peltola, Daniel J. Sullivan Jr., and Gerald Heikes on the Nov. 3 ballot.

Dunleavy has declined to commit to certifying the election if Peltola wins while the investigation is ongoing, saying any finding of illegal conduct "may in fact impact whether somebody is seated in the U.S. Senate" and that officials would weigh whether to involve Senate leadership. House Oversight Committee Chair James Comer has demanded testimony from operatives named in the reporting and threatened subpoenas of his own. Dunleavy's term ends Dec. 7, shortly after Alaska's target date for certifying results.

Arizona Democrats say they are "cautiously optimistic" about flipping the state Legislature, where Republicans currently hold narrow majorities in both the Senate (17-13) and House (33-27). House Minority Leader Oscar De Los Santos points to a cost-of-living backlash against Republican policies as a key factor, while Senate Pro Tempore T.J. Shope says the GOP's candidates and messaging will hold the majority. Every seat in both chambers is up for election, but only a handful of districts are genuinely competitive. If Democrats win both chambers alongside Gov. Katie Hobbs's re-election, it would end years of divided government and Hobbs's record pace of vetoes.

Massachusetts voters face a record nine ballot questions this cycle, including Question 3, which would replace the state's partisan primary with a "top-two" system: all candidates appear on one primary ballot, and the top two vote-getters advance to the general election, regardless of party. Approval would make Massachusetts the third state, after California and Washington, to use the model.

Supporters, including the Coalition for Healthy Democracy, argue the change empowers the state's large unenrolled-voter bloc (67% of the electorate) and increases competitiveness. Opponents, such as Voter Rights MA, warn it could let two candidates from the same party reach November, reducing choice and entrenching the two-party system. A recent Suffolk University/Boston Globe poll showed supporters with a narrow lead. If passed, the system could begin in 2028, though lawmakers could amend or delay it.

Onondaga County, N.Y., voters head to the polls in November to decide control of the County Legislature for the first time under newly lengthened four-year terms, with candidates running in all 17 districts. Democrats, who won a historic 10-7 majority in 2025, are seeking a veto-proof 12-seat supermajority that would let them bypass Republican County Executive Ryan McMahon, who has vetoed several Democratic measures this year, including a term-limits bill now headed to voters. Republicans, boosted by heavy fundraising from county contractors, aim to reclaim at least a nine-seat majority. Key swing districts include the 2nd, 6th, 11th, and 14th. Both parties are investing heavily, with turnout and lingering reaction to President Trump seen as pivotal factors.

The Department of Justice escalated its dispute with California over a list of voters flagged as possible noncitizens, filing an emergency lawsuit Oct. 15 in federal court in the Central District of California after state officials missed a roughly 48-hour deadline set by Deputy Attorney General Trent McCotter to review the names. DOJ had sent Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder Dean Logan and Secretary of State Shirley Weber a password-protected thumb drive naming more than 20,000 "likely noncitizens," identified through a multiagency USCIS and Homeland Security Investigations review of state voter and federal citizenship data. The 15-page complaint accuses California of violating the Constitution's supremacy clause by knowingly sending and counting mail ballots from likely noncitizens, and asks the court to order the state to set aside such ballots until citizenship is verified. Attorney General Todd Blanche called the alleged practice "state-facilitated voter fraud."

Logan's office declined to open the drive, citing data privacy protocols, while Weber argued federal officials provided insufficient evidence. Governor Gavin Newsom called the lawsuit a "sad, desperate attempt" by President Trump to suppress California voters weeks before Election Day. The suit is the administration's first direct attempt to block vote-counting, following a broader push including a blocked citizenship-verification mandate, a mail-voting executive order partly struck down by the Supreme Court, and roughly 30 similar voter-roll suits against other states with limited success. Senate Democrats have demanded oversight briefings on the administration's election-interference efforts.

Alaska voters will decide this November whether to repeal the state's four-year-old election system, which combines an open top-four primary with ranked-choice voting in the general election. Supporters, including Senate President Gary Stevens and House Speaker Bryce Edgmon, say the system has fostered bipartisan governance and protected moderates from partisan primary pressure in a state where more than 60 percent of voters are unaffiliated. Critics argue the system is confusing and invites gamesmanship, pointing to two Republican candidates both named Dan Sullivan running for U.S. Senate, and to Democrats consolidating behind gubernatorial candidate Jonathan Kreiss-Tomkins after a rival dropped out.

The repeal campaign has drawn heavy out-of-state funding, including large donations from Elon Musk and Jeff Yass to a PAC backing the measure. This marks the third time since 2020 that Alaskans have voted on their primary system. The outcome could shape competitiveness in key races, including the three-way Republican gubernatorial field and the Senate contest involving Democrat Mary Peltola, while determining whether Alaska keeps its distinctive alternative to traditional partisan primaries.